One does not want too much bloodletting and destruction when the immediate objective is enrichment through land-grab. Occupied territories were heavily taxed, but in these “cabinet wars,” led by kings and emperors, atrocities against civilian populations occurred rarely. The war over Silesia (today in southwestern Poland) foreshadowed an Austro-Prussian contest for hegemony over the German states only a century later. Unfortunately, as we have seen in Syria over the last several years and in Ukraine since the Russian invasion, the conduct of war is ruthless, and material devastation profound when the fight is primarily about changing the balance of power between the combatants and their allies. Russia launched the war out of the belief that it has been in a proxy struggle with the United States and must bring Ukraine back into the fold to recover its geopolitical strength.
When a war aims to change the global balance of power and restore a nation’s glory, no measures are barred and we have a recipe for humanitarian and economic disaster.
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